For approx. 1/3 of the year, employees other than the person responsible will tend to the facility (weekend rota system, holidays, national holidays and absence due to sickness) in a facility withthree employees.
误解和不同的工作习惯可能会导致产房内的生产结果大幅变动。
Misunderstandings and difffferent work routines may lead to highly varying production results in the farrowing facility.
产房内的全体工作人员应当集中一起制定周末或节假日的工作计划。
All employees in the farrowing facility should make a plan together of the tasks that need to be done in the facility over the weekend or during holidays (week plan).
Selection of nurse sows, intermediate nurse sows and foster sows, and notes of where in the facilitythey are and, if necessary, how many piglets they have.
刚刚分娩完或正在分娩的母猪。
Sows that have just farrowed or are farrowing.
那些有1-2头仔猪需在出生24小时内寄养,但在周末之前无足够空间转移的母猪。
Sows that have 1-2 piglets too many that must be moved no later than the day after, but where therewas not enough room to move them before the weekend.
对设备进行检查(例如,某个喂料器的问题)。
Technical details to be checked (for instance, problems with a specifific feed box).
Have some sows had their feed dose signifificantly reduced? Which feed valves need extra attention?
在周末之前,产房的周末工作人员和相关负责人应一同浏览工作时间表并在产房内进行观察。
Before the weekend, the weekend replacement and the person responsible for the farrowing facility go through the schedule together and take a walk through the farrowing facility.
When the weekend is over and the person responsible is back at work, he/she and thereplacement go over what has happened during the weekend or the holiday (for instance, problems with farrowings or sick sows, sows with too few piglets, many dead piglets, etc.).
预先指定负责人负责接替工作和之后继续工作的人员很重要。
It is important beforehand to decide who is responsible for initiating both the replacement andthe follow-up.
28产房的容量
CAPACITY OF FARROWING FACILITY
28.1
28.1产房的设计
Design Of The Farrowing Facility
必须为安排“奶妈”母猪和寄养母猪预留空产床。
There must be room for making nurse sows or foster sows in the section.
确保每批猪之间可以清洗并干燥产房-参见1产房和产床的准备
It must be possible to wash and dry the facility between batches - see 1 - Preparing the farrowing facility and farrowing pens.
在分娩前一周,确保能将所有母猪转入产房。参见 4 - 分娩前的准备。
It must be possible to transfer all sows one week before farrowing. See 4 -Preparation for farrowing.
28.2如果产房内产床太少,可能会造出以下风险
If The Capacity Of The Farrowing Facility Is Too Low, Risks Are
将没到断奶日龄/体重的仔猪断奶。
Weaning piglets that are too small for weaning.
不能满足 “奶妈” 母猪和寄养母猪需要的空产床。
Insuffiffifficient space for nurse sows and foster sows.
产床不够 - 即使每批转入母猪数量之间只有很小差异。
Inadequate space - even with minor variations in production levels.
有些母猪在妊娠舍分娩。
Sows farrowing in the gestation facility.
有些母猪转到未干透的产床中。
Some sows are moved to wet pens.
在产房中花更多的时间来腾产床。
Wasting time making more room in the farrowing facility.
使母猪受到应激,死胎的比例增加。
Stressing the sows, this will increase the percentage of stillborn.
产床的数量必须和母猪数量相匹配
The number of farrowing pens must match the number of sows
母猪在妊娠舍内进行分娩是极其不好的,会大大增加仔猪的死亡率。
Farrowing in the gestation facility is extremely unfortunate and may drastically increase piglet mortality.
28.3
28.3补充说明-产房的容量
Additional Comments - Capacity Of Farrowing Facility
The capacity of farrowing pens depends on batch operation system, weaning age and need for nurse sows. Below an example is shown based on weekly batch operation and fifive weeks’ weaning. When dimensioning the system in connection with modififications or extensions, base the calculations on the herd in question, possibly with the help of a pig advisor or construction advisor.
第二“奶妈”母猪带奶的仔猪与同批其它仔猪同时断奶(参见9-“奶妈”母猪)。
The piglets with the intermediate sow are weaned at the same time as the other piglets in the section (see also 9 - Nurse sows).
如果转群时,产房很潮湿,母猪和仔猪在哺育期将有一个不好的开端。(参见1-产房和产床的准备)。
If the pens are wet at transfer, both sow and piglets get a bad start to the nursing period (see also 1 -Preparation of the farrowing facility and farrowing pens).
If the sows are transferred to the farrowing facility one week before farrowing, they will adapt to theenvironment and the feed before farrowing. This will result in less stressed sows, a higher energy level among the sows during farrowing and thereby fewer stillborn piglets. Moving sows to the farrowing facility too late will stress them and as a result piglet mortality.
在产房中花太多的时间来转移母猪和仔猪,例如为“奶妈”母猪腾空产床。
Too much time is spent on moving sows and piglets to make room for, for instance, nurse sows.
计算产床数量的例子---100头母猪,5周龄断奶
Example of capacity - guidelines per 100 sows and at fifive weeks’ weaning
前提:
Prerequisites:
母猪分娩前一周转入产房。
Sows are transferred the week before farrowing.
提供大约20%的空产床给“奶妈”母猪。
Room for approx. 20 % nurse sows.
母猪产2.25窝/年。
Each sow has 2.25 litters a year.
按100头母猪进行计算:
Calculation per 100 sows:
100头母猪×2.25窝/年=225窝/年
100 sows x 2.25 litters a year = 225 litters a year